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% Title info
\title[Economic Impact of Data Centers]{Economic Impact of Data Centers}
\author{Alexander Gebben \& Bailey Kirkland}
\date{June \(\text{23}^{rd}\),2026}

\begin{document}
\begin{frame}[plain]
\begin{center}
\huge\textbf{\inserttitle}\\
\textcolor{black}{\large\insertdate}\\
\textcolor{black}{\large\insertauthor}
\vfill
\begin{columns}
	\begin{column}{0.3\textwidth}
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/Economic-Impacts-of-Data-Centers.png}
	\end{column}
	\begin{column}{0.3\textwidth}
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{CBEA_Logo_Large}
	\end{column}
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\end{frame}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}{Center for Business \& Economic Analysis}

Provide applied economic insight to support decision-making across Wyoming. The CBEA serves as a resource for policymakers, communities, and businesses, producing accessible, nonpartisan research on the state’s most pressing issues.
\begin{columns}
	\begin{column}{0.6\textwidth}
     		\begin{itemize}
			\item Corporate, government, and academic 
			\item Association for University Business and Economic Research (AUBER)
	    \end{itemize}
	    \textbf{Past Work}
     		\begin{itemize}
			\item Over 65 projects
			\item Data center industry reports 
			\item Energy and policy analysis 
			\item Nuclear sector analysis 
	    \end{itemize}

	\end{column}
	\begin{column}{0.4\textwidth}
		\href{https://www.uwyo.edu/cbea/index.html}{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/qr-code.png}}
	\end{column}
\end{columns}

\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Outline
\begin{frame}{Outline}
  \tableofcontents
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Introduction}
What are data centers?
\vfill
\begin{columns}
	\begin{column}{0.2\textwidth}
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Small data center.jpg}
	\end{column}
	\begin{column}{0.81\textwidth}
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Utah_Data_Center_Panorama_(cropped).jpg}
	\end{column}
\end{columns}

\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\section{Trends and background}
\begin{frame}{Data Centers}
A data center is any facility that houses and runs computer infrastructure. 
\begin{columns}
	\begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
  \begin{enumerate}
	  \item Large language models 
	  \item Proof of work mining
	  \item Cloud storage
	  \item Hosting services
	  \item Virtual private networks
  \end{enumerate}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
	\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Data-centre.png}
\end{column}
\end{columns}

\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[plain]{Projected Energy Use}
%\footfullcite{USEnergyInformation}
	\centering
	\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{IEA-data-centre.png}
\includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{Axis.png}
	}
	\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{IEA-Cases.png}}
	\only<1-2>{\blfootnote{\tiny IEA (2025), Energy and AI, IEA, Paris https://www.iea.org/reports/energy-and-ai, License CC BY 4.0}}
	\only<3>{\includegraphics[width=0.95\textwidth]{Total.png}\blfootnote{\tiny Data from: EIA. (2026). Annual Energy Outlook 2026 Table 5. Commercial Sector Key Indicators and Consumption.}}
	\only<4>{\includegraphics[width=0.95\textwidth]{Plot.png}\blfootnote{\tiny Data from: EIA. (2026). Annual Energy Outlook 2026 Table 5. Commercial Sector Key Indicators and Consumption.}}

\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Bailey
\begin{frame}{Data centers in Wyoming}
\begin{columns}
    \begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
            \begin{itemize}
        \item Land, cool climate, low population, etc.
        \item Need for diversification
	\item Ten current providers, many more to come
        \item Wyoming data center sales tax exemption
    \end{itemize}
    \end{column}

    \begin{column}{0.4\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{data_centers_wyoming.png}        
    \end{column}

    \end{columns}

\end{frame}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Bailey
\section{Data center model importance}
\begin{frame}{Big Questions}
	\only<1>{
\begin{columns}[T]
    \begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
        \textbf{Benefits}
        \begin{itemize}
            \item Large upfront capital investments
            \item Employment
            \begin{itemize}
                \item Temporary (e.g., construction) vs. permanent (e.g., operation)
                \item Wages
            \end{itemize}
            \item Fiscal Revenue
            \item Wage spillovers to surrounding labor market
            \item Productivity gains for co-located firms
        \end{itemize}
    \end{column}

    \begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{data_center_benefits.png}
    \end{column}
\end{columns}
}
\only<2>{
 \begin{columns}[T]
    \begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
      \textbf{Costs}
      \begin{itemize}
        \item Energy consumption
            \begin{itemize}
                \item Prices
                \item Volatility
                \item Infrastructure expansion
            \end{itemize}
        \item Water consumption
        \item Land use pressure 
        \item Workforce housing
        \item Light and noise pollution
        \item AI-driven downstream unemployment
      \end{itemize}
          \end{column}

      \begin{column}{0.55\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{data_center_costs.png}
    \end{column}
\end{columns}
}

\only<3>{
      \textbf{Policy questions}
      \begin{itemize}
        \item Tax incentives
        \item Zoning policy
        \item Housing (temporary vs. permanent)
      \end{itemize}
}

\end{frame}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Alex
\section{Modeling considerations}
\begin{frame}{Challenges}
\begin{columns}
	\begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
  \begin{enumerate}
	\item<2-> On-site or grid power 
	\item<3-> Feedback of electricity demand 
	\item<4-> Delayed industry data (NAICS) 
	\item<5-> Rapid industry change 
	\item<6-> Tax code 
	\item<7-> Where are inputs purchased?
  \end{enumerate}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
	\only<2->{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/Power_Gen.jpg}}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Bailey
\section{Wyoming case study}
\begin{frame}{Our Study}
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Economic impact study, commissioned by a data center
        \item Possible use cases
        \begin{itemize}
            \item Argue for tax exemptions to business council
            \item Garner some public support
            \item Prepare county/town with some sense of expectations around employment effects, population effects, temporary housing needs, etc.
        \end{itemize}
    \end{itemize}

\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[c]{Scenario}
\begin{columns}
	\begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
    \begin{itemize}
	    \item Lincoln County Wyoming
	    \item \$5 Billion capital investment
	    \item Construction (2027-2030)
		    \begin{enumerate} 
			\item Data center 
		    	\item Natural gas power 
			\item Battery energy storage system 
	    \end{enumerate}
	    \item Operation (2031-2060)
    \end{itemize}

	\end{column}
	\begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/Wyoming_Sign.jpg}
	\end{column}
\end{columns}

\end{frame}
\begin{frame}{Modeling Economic Impacts}
	\textbf{Eight parameters to consider}
\begin{columns}[T]
\begin{column}{0.55\textwidth}
    \begin{itemize}
	    \onslide<2->{\item Detailed investment}
	    \onslide<3->{\item Industry output}
	    \onslide<4->{\item Employment}
    \end{itemize}
    \end{column}
    \begin{column}{0.45\textwidth}
        \centering
	\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/Purchase_Events.png}}
	\only<3>{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/Output_Events.png}}
	\only<4>{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/Employment_Event.png}}
	\only<5>{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/Operating_Employment_Fit.png}}
   \end{column}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Bailey
\begin{frame}{Modeling Tax Impacts}
\begin{columns}
    \begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Tax PI at a state-level
        \item WyEAD data to calibrate
        \item Tax exemptions for computing, power generation, battery, and air filtration equipment 
        \item Sales taxes from out of state purchases
    \end{itemize}
    \end{column}
    \begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[scale = 0.25]{remi_tax_screenshot.png}
   \end{column}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\section{Results}
\begin{frame}{Job Outcomes}
	\centering
	\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{Images/Job_plot.png}}
	\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=0.6\textwidth]{Images/Job_Facet_Plot.png}}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}{GDP}
	\centering
	\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=0.85\textwidth]{Images/GDP_Region_Plot.png}}
	\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=0.85\textwidth]{Images/GDP_Other_Counties.png}}
\end{frame}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[plain]
	\begin{center}
		\huge Thank you
	\end{center}

\begin{center}
\normalsize For more information contact: 
\href{mailto:agebben@uwyo.edu}{agebben@uwyo.edu}, or \href{mailto:bkirkla1@uwyo.edu}{bkirkla1@uwyo.edu}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[plain]{Useful REMI Model Options}
	\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/Custom_Industry.png}}
	\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=0.6\textwidth]{Images/Fuel_Cost_Adjustment.png}}
\end{frame}



\end{document}