219 lines
7.1 KiB
TeX
219 lines
7.1 KiB
TeX
\documentclass{beamer}
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\usepackage[style=apa,natbib=true]{biblatex}
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\usepackage{cleveref}
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\newcommand\blfootnote[1]{%
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\begingroup
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\renewcommand\thefootnote{}\footnote{#1}%
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\addtocounter{footnote}{-1}%
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\endgroup
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}
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\usetheme{Madrid}
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\bibliography{Supporting/FinalThesis.bib}
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\setbeamercovered{transparent=25}
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%Information to be included in the title page:
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\title{Should We Always Aim for Higher Quality?}
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\author{Alexander Gebben}
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\institute{Center for Business and Economic Analysis, University of Wyoming}
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\date{2024}
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\begin{document}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\frame{\titlepage}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Goals}
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Provide a economic perspective of energy markets (global and local). Apply this knowledge to direct nuclear innovation towards research with high economic impact.
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\onslide<2>{\begin{enumerate}
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\item{Global energy markets}
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\item{National markets for nuclear power}
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\item{Economically distinct aspects of nuclear markets}
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\item{Unique economic cost considerations}
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\end{enumerate}}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\section{Economics}
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\begin{frame}
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\begin{block}{Economics}
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\small``Economics is the science which studies human behavior as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses.''
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\small - Lord Robbins 1932
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\end{block}
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\vspace{0.3in}
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\onslide<2>Nuclear energy is one piece of a broader energy economy, where scarce resources are allocated to there most productive use.
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}
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Consumers do not care where there energy comes from. They will purchase the lowest cost energy source.
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%
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\section{Global Markets}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Competitive global markets}
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\only<1-2>{Questions to consider.
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\begin{itemize}
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\onslide<1>{\item{If their are two Cokes in a vending machine, one costs \$2 and another costs \$5 which will you purchase?}}
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\onslide<2>{\item{At what price difference would you select the second Coke?} }
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\end{itemize}}
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\only<3>{If two energy product are identical to the consumers, and there are no costs of shipping prices will converge globally. }
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Energy Markets: Global Market}
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\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/Global_Oil.png}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}
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\begin{block}{Competitive Global Market: Innovation Takeaway}
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To expand nuclear energy use in a global competitive market, innovation should focus on lowering costs.
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\end{block}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Local Energy Markets}
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\only<1-2>{Questions to consider.
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\begin{itemize}
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\onslide<1>\item{If a Coke costs \$5 at the vending machine, and \$2 five miles away which will you buy?}
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\onslide<2>\item{At what price difference would you switch your choice?}
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\end{itemize}}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Energy Markets: Local Market}
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\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/Local_Natural_Gas.png}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}
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\begin{block}{Locally Constrained Market: Innovation Takeaway}
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To expand nuclear energy use in a local market look for a constrained market where nuclear can lower costs regionally.
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\end{block}
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\vspace{0.3in}
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Example: SMR use in isolated cities, or for tar oil extraction.
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\section{Inter Market Linkages}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Energy Markets: Shared Market Forces}
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\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/Energy_Links.png}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Regional Next Day Electricity Market}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/Short_Term_Power_Supply_Schedule.png}
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\blfootnote{\tiny Amelang and Appunn, The causes and effects of negative power prices (Jan 05 2018): CC BY 4.0}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Long Term Electricity Cost}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{Images/NAT_GAS_NUCLEAR_COST.png}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Where Does Nuclear Fit In? Uranium Markets}
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\only<1>{
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\begin{itemize}
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\item{Can be easily shipped across boarders.}
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\item{Can be stored for future use.}
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\item{Volatility in the short run.}
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\end{itemize}
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}
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\only<2>{\centering \includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{Images/Price_Plot.jpeg}}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Where Does Nuclear Fit In? Electricity Markets}
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\textbf{Regional Markets}
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\begin{itemize}
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\onslide<2->\item{Transportation infrastructure limits exchange}
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\onslide<2->\item{Cost of storage}
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\onslide<2->\item{Electrification}
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\onslide<2->\item{Physical limitations}
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\end{itemize}
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\onslide<3->{\textbf{Global Market}}
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\begin{itemize}
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\onslide<4->\item{Supply side factors}
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\begin{itemize}
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\onslide<4->\item{Alternative energy sources}
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\onslide<4->\item{Cost of equipment}
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\onslide<4->\item{Interest rates}
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\end{itemize}
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\onslide<5->\item{Demand side factors}
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\begin{itemize}
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\onslide<5->\item{Energy efficiency improvements}
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\onslide<5->\item{Global GDP}
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\end{itemize}
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%\only<1>
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%\onslide<1>
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Regionally Nuclear Production}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=0.89\textwidth]{Images/evolution-of-nuclear-power-generation-by-region-1972-2026.png}
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\blfootnote{\tiny IEA (2024), Evolution of nuclear power generation by region, 1972-2026, IEA, Paris, Licence: CC BY 4.0}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Regionally Nuclear Production}
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\begin{figure}
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\includegraphics[width=0.475\textwidth]{Images/IAEA_WORLD_PROD_FORECAST.png}
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\hfill
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\includegraphics[width=0.475\textwidth]{Images/IAEA_NA_PROD_FORECAST.png}
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\end{figure}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Regionally Nuclear Production}
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\centering
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\begin{figure}[!htp]
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\includegraphics[width=0.85\textwidth]{Images/Regional_Cost1.png}
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\hfill
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\includegraphics[width=0.14\textwidth]{Images/Regional_Cost2.png}
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\end{figure}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Economic Forecast of Nuclear}
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\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/EIA_GROWTH.png}}
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\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/EIA_TECH.png}}
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\only<3>{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Images/EIA_ALL.png}}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}
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\huge Conclusion
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%
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\section{Reference}
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\end{document}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%\begin{frame}
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%\frametitle{The Value of Economics for Nuclear Innovation}
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%By understanding economics engineers can design systems which are optimized for market signals, rather than technical optimization. Innovations tailored to economic conditions have a higher rate of success.
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%\newline
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%\onslide<2->{Economics are not always intuitive. A nuclear project that is profitable on paper, may have negative economic profits.}
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%\begin{itemize}
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% \onslide<3->\item{Opportunity costs}
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% \onslide<4->\item{Time value of money}
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% \onslide<5->\item{Sunk costs and risk}
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% \onslide<6->\item{Socially optimal pollution levels}
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%\end{itemize}
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%\onslide<7->{Other markets affect the profitability of nuclear. The place of nuclear in the entire economic system matters.}
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%\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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